Temperature and Internal Energy

-Internal energy is basically the total energy of particles due to interatomic and intermolecular bonds.
-Internal energy comprises of two components-kinetic and potential energy.
-Kinetic component is due to the vibrations of the particles.
-An increase in temp will lead to an increase in the kinetic component.
-Potantial component if internal energy is due to the stretching and compressing of the intermolecular bonds.

MELTING AND SOLIDIFICATION
(Melting)
-Melting is the change of state of a solid when it changes to liquid upon heating.
-For pure substances there is a fixed melting point.
-There is no temp change during melting because the temp is used to overcome the strong intermolecular bonds.
(Solidification)
-Solidification is the reverse process of melting.
-For a pure substance the melting and freezing point is the same.
-Similarly there is no temp change because it is used to from the intermolecular bonds in a solid.

BOILING AND CONDENSATION
(Boiling)
-Boiling is when a liquid is heated and changes to vapor at a fixed temp.
-The fixed temp is called boiling point.

(Condensation)
-The reverse of boiling is called condensation.
-Condensation is when vapor changes to liquid when cooled in the same temp as in boiling.

EVAPORATION
-Evaporation is basically a cooling effect.
-Evaporation is the change of state from liquid to gas.
-Evaporation takes place only at liquid surface.

(Factors affecting the rate of Evaporation)
-Temperature-causes greater number of molecules at the surface layer hence they are energetic enough to escape and thus increase the rate of evaporation.

-Humidity-rate of evaporation decreases with increasing humidity.

-Surface area of the liquid-Rate of evaporation increases when surface area exposed is greater.

-Movement of air-rate of evaporation increases when the surrounding air is moving.

-Pressure-reducing atmospheric pressure it increases evaporation.

-Boiling point of the liquid-Liquids with lower boiling points evaporate faster.

Okay ya'll thats bout it.I hope you guys understand thermal physics now (:
Its rather brief because i don't think you'll will wat it to be too wordy so i summarized and only typed out the main points.Feel free to give your comments (:
Peace out!